Saffron, derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, is a highly prized spice, known for its bright red threads. Originally from Greece, it has been cultivated for over 3,500 years in the Mediterranean basin, the Middle East and South Asia. Belonging to the Iridaceae family, growing saffron is very labour-intensive, as the stigmas from each flower have to be harvested by hand. As well as being used in cooking for its aromatic and colouring properties, saffron has a long history in medicine, perfumery and textile dyeing.